Decoding the Radicalization Puzzle: Uncovering the Factors Fueling the Fire in Pakistan

Abstract

Radicalization is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that has become increasingly prevalent in societies worldwide. In Pakistan, the emergence of various extreme ideologies and groups has highlighted the pressing need to understand the underlying factors contributing to radicalization. This study aims to comprehensively examine the factors that contribute to radicalization in Pakistan by drawing on the perspectives and insights of experts in the field. It employed qualitative research approach, utilizing semi-structured, in-depth interviews to gather data from a diverse range of experts in the field, including academics, journalists, policymakers, countering violent extremism experts, and representatives of government and non government organizations. The study contends that radicalization in Pakistan stems from a complex interplay of factors, including historical context, geography, security considerations, geopolitical influences and foreign involvement. The study identifies specific socioeconomic, political, and religious factors as the most prominent drivers of radicalization in Pakistan, which can have a cascading effect on one another. The interconnected nature of these factors highlights the need for a holistic approach when addressing the issue of radicalization in Pakistan. Policymakers and practitioners need to focus on developing trend-specific deradicalization strategies that consider the unique aspects of radicalization in Pakistan.