Comparing International Best Practices in Prosecution Services: Insights from the United States and England & Wales for Enhancing Pakistan's Prosecutorial System

Abstract

This research paper investigates the challenges faced by Pakistan's prosecution services, and reasons thereof, in effective discharge of duty due. Through a comparative analysis of the prosecution services in the United States and the United Kingdom, the paper proposes a "Unified Prosecution Service" for Pakistan, aiming to enhance prosecutorial controls, expedite justice for the public and victims, and fortify convictions for maintaining rule of law. The paper advocates for a unified prosecution service governed by a singular act of parliament, which sets forth comprehensive guidelines, a sustainable service structure, and well-defined roles and responsibilities to tackle organized crime, corruption, terrorism, and extremism. The research takes an analytical view of various legal documents, including the four prosecution Acts, Supreme Court rulings, the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (1973), legal research journals, newspapers, reports, and codes provided by of Justice and the Code for Crown Prosecutors of England and Wales. It will be argued that prosecution in Pakistan suffers from the absence of a unified service, an insufficient service structure, and limited powers and functions. Through implementing the proposed " Unified Prosecution Service," Pakistan can strengthen its control over crime and criminals, streamline investigation procedures in prosecution services, and ensure a consistent standard approach nationwide.